TARIHIN KWMAFUTA
Ita kwamfuta tasamu wannan sunnane daga ma’anarta wato (me lissafi)!
kamar yadda kukaji bature yasamata Computer,
ai daga Compute ne ma’ana (Lissafa), computer kuma me lissafi , computing kuma shine aikin lissaifin .
Dan’adam na bukatar kididdigar/lissafa wasu abubuwansa na
rayuwa cikin sauki dakuma daidai. Ansamun kirkirar kwamfuta daga mataki zuwa
mataki hartakawomu irin wacce muke gani ayau . Wanda dafarko ansamar da
kwamfuta domin sauwaqawa kai lissafi. To muje ahankali domin sanin ire-iren
ckwamfutocin da’aka giggina cikin lokuta daban-daban; can baya tun kimanin
shekara 2,500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah (a.s), Tarihi yanuna anyi wata
masarrafar lissafi wacce ake kiranta Abacus
.
·
Abacus shine
abun lissafi nafarko da’aka fara amfani dashi wanda akayishi da ‘yan kula-kulai
ana amfani wajen lissafi mai sauki kamar Tarawa da debewa dakuma digo abayan
lamba, Abacus daga baya har ana iya yin lissafin rabawa (division) dakuma
rubanyawa (Multiplication).
A shekara ta 1614 bayan komawar Annabi isah angina wani abun lissafin mai suna Napier’s Bones
Napier’s bones
Wannan abun lissafi ta ginune ta hannun wani
mutum da suka kirashi John Napier wani masanin lissafine yayitane do ta taimaka
wajen lissafinya rubanyawa (multiplication) . yahada jam’in kasusuwa kimanin
sanduna tara (9) jikin kowace sanda tana daukeda lambobi daga daya zuwa tara
1-9. Wannan sanduna sun eke kamada da teburin rubanyawa(Multiplication table)
·
Slider
Rule ; wannan wata masarrafar lissafine wacce ashekara ta 1633 wani mutum da ake kira William
Outhtred iatama ana lissafida’ita tananan kamar magwajin tsawo (Ruler).
Slider Rule
·
A shekara ta 1642 an kirkiri wata Raskwana
(calculator) maisuna Rotating wheel Calculator
daga wani mai falsfar lissafi maisuna Blaise Pascal, inda yayi amfani da wasu
hakwara masu juyawa, wanda yagaji aikin
lissafine gurin mahaifinsa sanna ya kirkiri wanna raskwanace tun yana dan
shekara sha tara 19 yrs. Wanda ayau itace fasahar calculator ke amfani dashi
amma da dan sauye sauye.
Rotating wheel
Calculator
· Se kuma a shekara ta 1822 –akayi wani abun lissafin maisuna Difference Engine
Difference Engine
Wani dan burtaniya maisuna Charles Babbage , masanin
lissafi kuma injinya shi yahada shi . shi wannan Babbage shine ake kira baban
wannan computer damule amfani da’ita ayau.
·
Se takarshe wanda ake kira Hollerith Tabulating Machine:
Tabulating Machine
Wani injiniya mai suna Herman Hollerith shine
ya kirkiri wannan masarrafa dake amfanida kati da’ake kira punch cards wato
katine da’ake rubutashi medauke da bayani idan akasanyashi cikin mashin din
seya sarrafshi ta hanyar lantaki.
Wannan shine kashi nakarshe wanda dagashi se
akazo abunda/ lokacinda ake kira Generation
of computers ma’ana Zangon kafuwar wannan computer damuke amfani dasu wanda
amfaro daga nafarko (first generation) zuwa na biyar (fifth Generation) wanda
shizamuyiwa matashiya da SAMUWAR
KWAMFUTA. Kubiyomu sannu cikin
hankali don sanin ina wannan na’ura mai kwakwalwa ta faro damukayiwa lakabi da SAMUWAR KWAMFUTA
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