Siffar Network da Internet

INTERNET & NETWORK

Menene Internet?

Internet (Yanar Gizo ) : ita yanar gizo zamu iya cewa farfajiyace da take hada gamayya/ miliyoyin na’urori masu kwakwalwa (millions of computers) dake saduwa da juna wajen musayar bayanai ta hanyar gamuwarsu kan wani layi abunda ake kira Network. Zamu iya fahimtar cewa shi Internet gonace mai fadi komuce sararine da Allah ya halitta wanda babu wanda ya mallakeshi; kadauka cewa anguwa/wani garine wanda duk wanda yariga zuwa yagyarashi seyazama shine me unguwa sekaga dukwanda yazo yanason yazauna se ya tanbabayi izini ko yasayi fili ko yazauna haya; to haka internet yake duk wanda yagyarashi ya kwashi guri yazama mai unguwa.

Mudauka irinsu Google, Yahoo, Host Gator/(clouding companies) da sauran masu riqe da bayanai (server computers) to mudauka sune masu unguwa, sune suka debi fegi a sama (Internet) suka kyara /suka tanadi wani sashi domin amfanin kansu da wasunsu seyazam kai kuma da kakeso kaima kasamu wani yanki na wucin gadi/haya se kabiya masu unguwa iya zangon dakakeso kazauna; misali kasayi data –GB/MB weekly/monthly (ma’ana datar sub din satine ko na watane ?) to kaga yazama kamar kasayi filin haya idan yaqare sekasake biya wannan shine karamin misali !

Dukda kaima zaka iya mallakar wani sahse na internet idan ka tanadi kayan mallaka.

Wannan shine taqaitaccen ma’anar internet wato gurine dake hada dubunnai ko miliyoyin na’urori (collection of thousand computers) dasuke iya Magana da juna sukumuma raba bayanai atsakaninsu adai dai lokacinda kowanne acikinsu take awani duri daban. Misali yanzu kana gida ammma kakamo tawa kwamfutar kana karanta bayanai alhalin nidakai ko tawa da taka kwamfutar basa tare; sannan abunda ke hadasu shi ake kira NETWORK!

Menene Network ?

Network mahada : shidai wannan abu da’ake kira Network wato me hadawa wani abune komuce wani sanadine (titi ne)dake hada na’ura daga biyu zauwa sama wanda zebasu dama su gaana da juna shiyasa kakeji idan me kiran waya yasamu damuwar kira sekajiyace babu network /network problem! To gamuwar wadannan layuyyuka su sukabada abinda kae kira internet.

Menene Internet?

Sannan kuma abunda ke bada dama ake isa zuwa ga bayanai da’ake nema shine Protocol wato (me iso a faada) kamar yadda kabiyo titi (network) se ka’iso gidan (Internet), to kafin kasamu shiga sai kanemi memaka iso jagora (protocol) zuwa cikin gidan (internet). Shi wannan protocol din zamumuku jawabinsa nangaba insha allahu amma atakaice shine ake kira Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http) wanda ko dayaushe zakaga kana sashi a rariyar liqau (browser) naka, saboda isa wajen bayanan dakake nema a internet afadin duniya shiyasa kake rubuta World Wide Web (www).

Wannan yasa idan zakanemi bayanai a internet se karubuta http://www.-------.com. kokuma .com .net .org .club .edu ds.

Misali kubiyomu ta shafinmu akan internet (yanargizo) ta hanyar danna

https://www.masarrafa.blogspot.com

idan kuma akwai tsaro (security) zakaga anrubuta http(s) .

kubiyomu cikin karatuttukanmu don karin sanin menene (https dakuma www.)

dafatan zamujiku ra’ayoyinku ta sashen Tsokaci (Comment).

Akwai nau'o'i biyu na hanyar sadarwa ta kwamfuta, wato:

a. Gidan Yanki na Yanki (LAN):

Irin wannan cibiyar sadarwa yana nufin wasu na’urori masu kwakwalwa da aka haɗa a cikin wuri guda. Kila na ma’aikatane (ministry, company), wana garine makarantane, Otel ne ds.

Wannan cibiyar sadarwa tana amfani da igiyoyi don haɗa na’urori tare.

b. Wide Area Network (WAN):

Irin wannan cibiyar yanar sadarwa tana nufin cibiyar sadarwa wanda aka yada a fadin duniya , yanki, kamar birane ko ƙasashe.

WAN yana amfani da layi, satellites ko microwaves zuwa haɗa na’uroori tare.

Siffar ko tsarin cibiyar sadarwa Network Topology

Nau'in Network (Network Topology)

Abubuwan dabarun cibiyar sadarwa da muke da su a yau sune:

a. Bus Topology:

Wannan cibiyar sadarwar ne inda aka yi amfani da guda ɗaya na USB don samar da ɗayan ƙarshen na cibiyar sadarwa zuwa ɗayan kuma tare da na'urorin sadarwa daban-daban da alaka da kebul a wuri daban. Dukansu ƙare na

Ana gyara igiyoyi tare da maɓallin waya na musamman.

a. Star Topology: